In addition to enforcement by the Commissioner of Competition and the Attorney General of Canada, the Competition Act provides individuals with the right to bring civil proceedings for certain breaches of the Competition Act. Section 36 of the Competition Act allows for a civil suit by anyone who has suffered loss or damage as a result of a breach of any criminal provisions contained in Part VI of the Competition Act (notably conspiracy, bid rigging, price discrimination, price maintenance, predatory pricing, and deceptive marketing practices) or a breach of a court or Competition Tribunal order.

As of 2002, private parties may also apply to the Competition Tribunal for leave to make an application under the reviewable matters provisions relating to refusal to deal, market restriction, tied selling and exclusive dealing.